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使用 COM 访问 AutoCAD ActiveX Automation

2024-5-18 18:50| 发布者: admin| 查看: 351| 评论: 0|原作者: admin|来自: AutoCAD

此方法通过纯 COM 技术访问 AutoCAD ActiveX Automation。此方法需要更多的编码，但不依赖于 MFC。示例程序使用 COM ActiveX 自动化接口向 AutoCAD 菜单栏添加新的快捷菜单。以下各节提供了演示必要步骤的过程：

设置新的 ObjectARX 项目

启动 Visual C++ 并创建一个名为 AsdkPlainComSamp 的新 Win32 DLL 项目。
将适当的值添加到项目设置中，以使项目构建为 ObjectARX 程序。该程序需要链接到以下库：

acad.lib
acdb24.lib
rxapi.lib

将名为 AsdkPlainComSamp.def 的新定义（DEF）文件添加到项目中。

打开新的 DEF 文件，并将以下行添加到 EXPORTS 部分：

acrxEntryPoint        PRIVATE
acrxGetApiVersion     PRIVATE

将名为 AsdkPlainComSamp.cpp 的新源（CPP）文件添加到项目中。

打开新的 CPP 文件，并添加以下代码以使程序 ObjectARX 兼容：

#include <rxregsvc.h>
#include <aced.h>
// Used to add/remove the menu with the same command.
//
static bool bIsMenuLoaded = false;
static void initApp()
{
    acedRegCmds->addCommand(
        "ASDK_PLAIN_COM", 
        "AsdkComMenu",
        "ComMenu", 
        ACRX_CMD_MODAL, 
        addMenuThroughCom);
}
static void unloadApp()
{
    acedRegCmds->removeGroup("ASDK_PLAIN_COM");
}
extern "C" AcRx::AppRetCode acrxEntryPoint
    (AcRx::AppMsgCode msg, void* appId)
{
    switch( msg ) 
    {
        case AcRx::kInitAppMsg: 
            acrxDynamicLinker->unlockApplication(appId);
            acrxDynamicLinker->registerAppMDIAware(appId);
            initApp(); 
            break;
        case AcRx::kUnloadAppMsg: 
            unloadApp(); 
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    return AcRx::kRetOK;
}

通过将以下代码添加到AsdkPlainComSamp.cpp源文件，在新的AutoCAD命令处理程序函数中存根：

void addMenuThroughCom()
{
}

下一步是确定访问AutoCAD菜单栏需要哪些界面。在本例中，、、、和为必填项。要获取这些接口的定义，请使用 AutoCAD 类型库 acax24<language>.tlb，如下一过程所示。IAcadApplicationIAcadMenuBarIAcadMenuGroupsIAcadMenuGroupIAcadPopupMenusIAcadPopupMenuIAcadPopupMenuItem

导入 AutoCAD ActiveX 界面的步骤

将以下行添加到AsdkPlainComSamp.cpp文件的顶部，确保使用系统上安装AutoCAD的路径：

import "c:\\acad\\acax24<language>.tlb" no_implementation \
    raw_interfaces_only named_guids

将以下声明添加到（）函数：addMenuThroughCom

AutoCAD::IAcadApplication *pAcad;
AutoCAD::IAcadMenuBar *pMenuBar;
AutoCAD::IAcadMenuGroups *pMenuGroups;
AutoCAD::IAcadMenuGroup *pMenuGroup;
AutoCAD::IAcadPopupMenus *pPopUpMenus;
AutoCAD::IAcadPopupMenu *pPopUpMenu;
AutoCAD::IAcadPopupMenuItem *pPopUpMenuItem;

现在，您的应用程序导入了正确的界面，您可以使用它们来实现 AutoCAD 功能。自动化的更直接的 COM 方法用于访问 AutoCAD 及其自动化组件。下一个过程演示如何实现此目的。此过程中的所有代码示例都应按显示的顺序添加到（）函数中。acedGetIDispatch()IDispatchaddMenuThroughCOM

实现 AutoCAD ActiveX Automation 调用的步骤

在AsdkPlainComSamp.cpp文件中，将以下代码添加到空函数中以获取AutoCAD：addMenuThroughCOM()IDispatch

HRESULT hr = NOERROR;
LPUNKNOWN pUnk = NULL;
LPDISPATCH pAcadDisp = acedGetIDispatch(TRUE);

用于获取 AutoCAD 应用程序对象。此外，请确保 AutoCAD 可见。如下代码所示：IUnknown

hr = pAcadDisp->QueryInterface(AutoCAD::IID_IAcadApplication,
        (void**)&pAcad);
pAcadDisp->Release();
if (FAILED(hr))
    return;
pAcad->put_Visible(true);

在AutoCAD应用程序界面中，获取菜单栏和菜单组集合：

pAcad->get_MenuBar(&pMenuBar);
pAcad->get_MenuGroups(&pMenuGroups);
pAcad->Release();

确定菜单栏上当前有多少个菜单：

long numberOfMenus;
pMenuBar->get_Count(&numberOfMenus);
pMenuBar->Release();

从菜单组集合中获取第一个菜单。这通常是，但也可能是其他东西：ACAD

VARIANT index;
VariantInit(&index);
V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
V_I4(&index) = 0;
pMenuGroups->Item(index, &pMenuGroup);
pMenuGroups->Release();

从第一个菜单组中获取快捷菜单集合：

pMenuGroup->get_Menus(&pPopUpMenus);
pMenuGroup->Release();

根据菜单是否已创建，可以构建新的快捷菜单或删除以前创建的快捷菜单。以下代码完成了该示例：

WCHAR wstrMenuName[256];
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, MB_PRECOMPOSED, 
   "AsdkComAccess", -1, wstrMenuName, 256); 
if (!bIsMenuLoaded) {
    pPopUpMenus->Add(wstrMenuName, &pPopUpMenu);
    if (pPopUpMenu != NULL) {
        pPopUpMenu->put_Name(wstrMenuName);
        WCHAR wstrMenuItemName[256];
        MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,"&Add A ComCircle",
            -1, wstrMenuItemName, 256); 
        WCHAR wstrMenuItemMacro[256];
        MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, "AsdkComCircle ",
            -1, wstrMenuItemMacro, 256); 
        VariantInit(&index);
        V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
        V_I4(&index) = 0;
        pPopUpMenu->AddMenuItem(index, wstrMenuItemName,
            wstrMenuItemMacro, &pPopUpMenuItem);
        VariantInit(&index);
        V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
        V_I4(&index) = 1;
        pPopUpMenu->AddSeparator(index, 
            &pPopUpMenuItem);
        MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,
            "Auto&LISP Example", -1, 
            wstrMenuItemName, 256); 
        MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,
            "(prin1 \"Hello\") ", -1, 
            wstrMenuItemMacro, 256); 
        VariantInit(&index);
        V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
        V_I4(&index) = 2;
        pPopUpMenu->AddMenuItem(index, wstrMenuItemName,
            wstrMenuItemMacro, &pPopUpMenuItem);
        VariantInit(&index);
        V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
        V_I4(&index) = numberOfMenus - 2;
        pPopUpMenu->InsertInMenuBar(index);
        pPopUpMenu->Release();
        pPopUpMenuItem->Release();
        bIsMenuLoaded = true;
    }else {
        acutPrintf("\nMenu not created.");
    }
 }else {
    VariantInit(&index);
    V_VT(&index) = VT_BSTR;
    V_BSTR(&index) = wstrMenuName;
    pPopUpMenus->RemoveMenuFromMenuBar(index);
    VariantClear(&index);
    bIsMenuLoaded = false;
}
pPopUpMenus->Release();

这是完成的函数：

void addMenuThroughCom()
{
    AutoCAD::IAcadApplication *pAcad;
    AutoCAD::IAcadMenuBar *pMenuBar;
    AutoCAD::IAcadMenuGroups *pMenuGroups;
    AutoCAD::IAcadMenuGroup *pMenuGroup;
    AutoCAD::IAcadPopupMenus *pPopUpMenus;
    AutoCAD::IAcadPopupMenu *pPopUpMenu;
    AutoCAD::IAcadPopupMenuItem *pPopUpMenuItem;
    HRESULT hr = NOERROR;
    LPUNKNOWN pUnk = NULL;
    LPDISPATCH pAcadDisp = acedGetIDispatch(TRUE); 
 
    hr = pAcadDisp->QueryInterface(AutoCAD::IID_IAcadApplication, (void**)&pAcad);
    pAcadDisp->Release();
    if (FAILED(hr))
        return;
    pAcad->put_Visible(true);
    pAcad->get_MenuBar(&pMenuBar);
    pAcad->get_MenuGroups(&pMenuGroups);
    pAcad->Release();
    long numberOfMenus;
    pMenuBar->get_Count(&numberOfMenus);
    pMenuBar->Release();
    VARIANT index;
    VariantInit(&index);
    V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
    V_I4(&index) = 0;
    pMenuGroups->Item(index, &pMenuGroup);
    pMenuGroups->Release();
    pMenuGroup->get_Menus(&pPopUpMenus);
    pMenuGroup->Release();
    WCHAR wstrMenuName[256];
    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, MB_PRECOMPOSED, 
        "AsdkComAccess", -1, wstrMenuName, 256); 
    if (!bIsMenuLoaded) {
        pPopUpMenus->Add(wstrMenuName, &pPopUpMenu);
        if (pPopUpMenu != NULL) {
            pPopUpMenu->put_Name(wstrMenuName);
            WCHAR wstrMenuItemName[256];
            MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,"&Add A ComCircle",
                -1, wstrMenuItemName, 256); 
            WCHAR wstrMenuItemMacro[256];
            MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, "AsdkComCircle ",
                -1, wstrMenuItemMacro, 256); 
            VariantInit(&index);
            V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
            V_I4(&index) = 0;
            pPopUpMenu->AddMenuItem(index, wstrMenuItemName,
                wstrMenuItemMacro, &pPopUpMenuItem);
            VariantInit(&index);
            V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
            V_I4(&index) = 1;
            pPopUpMenu->AddSeparator(index, 
                &pPopUpMenuItem);
            MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,
                "Auto&LISP Example", -1, 
                wstrMenuItemName, 256); 
            MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0,
                "(prin1 \"Hello\") ", -1, 
                wstrMenuItemMacro, 256); 
            VariantInit(&index);
            V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
            V_I4(&index) = 2;
            pPopUpMenu->AddMenuItem(index, wstrMenuItemName,
                wstrMenuItemMacro, &pPopUpMenuItem);
            VariantInit(&index);
            V_VT(&index) = VT_I4;
            V_I4(&index) = numberOfMenus - 2;;
            pPopUpMenu->InsertInMenuBar(index);
            pPopUpMenu->Release();
            pPopUpMenuItem->Release();
            bIsMenuLoaded = true;
        } else {
            acutPrintf("\nMenu not created.");
        }
    } else {
        VariantInit(&index);
        V_VT(&index) = VT_BSTR;
        V_BSTR(&index) = wstrMenuName;
        pPopUpMenus->RemoveMenuFromMenuBar(index);
        VariantClear(&index);
        bIsMenuLoaded = false;
    }
    pPopUpMenus->Release();
}

这两个示例都可以在 ObjectARX SDK 中找到。它们位于 samples\com 目录中。每个示例都包含使用 Win32 API 或 MFC 编程技术添加圆圈和菜单的代码。由于这些方法通过 COM 接口访问 AutoCAD，因此可以从其他 C++ 上下文中使用这些编程技术，而不仅仅是从 ObjectARX 使用。类似的技术也可以用于其他语言，如 Visual Basic。